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Development of low-cost autonomous meteorological measurements system for urban environments

Konijn, J. (2020) Development of low-cost autonomous meteorological measurements system for urban environments.

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Abstract:Urban heat build-up and environmental stresses are becoming more critical topics for the future of cities. Around the city of Enschede, a wireless sensor network (WSN) will be deployed to understand and monitor the development of such stresses. The wireless sensor network is a cooperation with the University of Twente and the municipality of Enschede and requires a high-quality and reliable meteorological measurement system (MMS). The primary objective for this research is to find optimum sensor reliability, system costs and system data quality to measure temperature, relative humidity, solar irradiance, and wind speed, according to the Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute (KNMI) measurement frequency specifications. During the research, optimisation for both qualities, reliability and costs are extensively researched to come with a final prototype that is optimised for measurements in urban environments using off-the-shelf components. The total cost of the system developed can not exceed 400 Euros, and therefore, trade-offs have been made. A custom-mounting system has been developed to mount the various components of the MMS around an average-sized street pole. The system transfers its measurements data using LoRaWan for long-range, low-power data communication enabled by the TheThingsNetwork (TTN). TheThingsNetwork enables for small amounts of data being sent without a fee, to optimise the data transfer; a custom payload structure has been implemented according to the TTN's fair-use-policy. The design iteration of each component of the MMS, power system, meteorological sensor-set, wireless data communication and micro-controller have been discussed to present a final prototype. The final prototype is tested in an outdoor environment to test for the MMS urban application. In the end, an overview of the requirements met by the system, and evaluation is provided and elaborated to define additional improvements. Future works points are provided to help future developers to come with an improved system based on the research findings.
Item Type:Essay (Bachelor)
Faculty:EEMCS: Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science
Programme:Creative Technology BSc (50447)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/82839
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