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Dynamic modelling of the physiology of breathing to improve mechanical ventilation

Jong, J.I. de (2021) Dynamic modelling of the physiology of breathing to improve mechanical ventilation.

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Abstract:Mechanical ventilation is the mainstay of supportive therapy in the intensive care unit for patients with respiratory failure. Although life-saving, mechanical ventilation may also cause secondary lung injury. Settings poorly adapted to the patient’s physiology may result in poor outcome; however, finding the optimal settings for the individual patient is still an ongoing debate. Our hypothesis was that a closed-loop mechanical ventilation system that is based on a model that considers a limited set of well-chosen aspects of the physiology of breathing may be able to improve these limitations. From the literature review and conversations with clinicians it resulted that a model of the gas exchange and the respiratory drive with low complexity could be of an improvement to current clinical practice by increasing the insight in the patient’s respiratory parameters and variables and predicting patient responses to changes in ventilator settings. A two-compartment model based on the gas exchange was developed of which the dynamical behaviour consists of a slow and a fast exponential component. Aggregated model parameter groups could be identified, and predictions could be made with the identified model that were qualitatively similar to the results of the experimental study. The developed model may be an addition to current clinical practice by improving the clinician’s insight into the efficiency of the gas exchange of patients on mechanical ventilation. This may give the clinician an improved insight into the readiness of the patient for weaning and may make better-substantiated ventilator setting choices possible. Increased testing and experimental validation are required before clinical application is possible.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Faculty:EEMCS: Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science
Subject:44 medicine, 50 technical science in general
Programme:Biomedical Engineering MSc (66226)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/87746
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