University of Twente Student Theses
Hydrodynamic modelling of wave overtopping over a block-covered dike
Barendse, L. (2021) Hydrodynamic modelling of wave overtopping over a block-covered dike.
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| Abstract: | Wave overtopping is one of the main failure mechanisms of a dike. It is defined as the amount of water flowing over the crest of a coastal structure due to wave action. The water that overtops the dike reaches the landward slope of the dike, where it can cause erosion due to high flow velocities and turbulence that causes high stresses on the cover. Therefore, innovative block revetments such as Grassblocks have been developed by Hillblock to protect the subsoil of the dike against erosion and are installed between the grass and subsoil of the dike. The blocks have a permeable function which reduces the flow velocity and pressures along the landward slope. The performance of these blocks are assessed in physical tests, which provides insights into the stability of the blocks, but are also expensive and have limitations in their measurements due to highly turbulent conditions. Numerical models can provide the flow conditions on any location and the dike geometry and wave conditions can be easily adjusted. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the hydrodynamic conditions on the dike cover caused by the wave run-up on the seaward slope and by the overtopping flow over the crest and landward slope. The geometry and wave conditions from the physical test at the Delta flume of Deltares has been implemented in OpenFOAM, a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes based Computational Fluid Dynamics software package. Using the solver porousWaveFoam, which is included in the waves2Foam toolbox, a porous layer on the crest and landward slope has been implemented which represents the permeable function of the Grassblocks. The flow resistance Fp of this porous layer largely depends on the resistance coefficients α [-] and ß [-]. The model has been run using different combinations of the resistance coefficients based on research by Van Gent (1995) [α = 1000, ß = 1:1], Jensen et al. (2014) [α = 500, ß = 2:0] and Losada et al. (2008) [α = 200, ß = 0:8]. The model has then been calibrated based on these three different sets of resistance coefficients. Comparing the modelled and observed peak pressures and peak flow velocities of every overtopping waves showed that the resistance coefficients as introduced by Jensen et al. (2014) performed best for the peak flow velocities (NSE = 0.315) and peak pressures (NSE = 0.266). The validation also proved that the model works relatively well for the peak flow velocities (NSE = 0.606) and peak pressures (NSE = 0.154). The validated model then has been used to determine the hydrodynamic conditions on the landward slope. Video analysis of the physical test showed that the Grassblocks collapsed at the toe of the landward slope after 300 s. The hydrodynamic conditions presented that especially the pressure at this specific location was time was highest, which was caused by a large flow thickness and high flow velocity. Eventually the model has been used to determine which block specifications can reduce the hydrodynamic conditions the most. A sensitivity analysis showed that a porosity of n = 0:6 and the porous layer thickness of 36mm reduced the pressure the most. |
| Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
| Faculty: | ET: Engineering Technology |
| Programme: | Civil Engineering and Management MSc (60026) |
| Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/86158 |
| Export this item as: | BibTeX EndNote HTML Citation Reference Manager |
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