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Mobility measures to influence exchangeability of bicycle and car commutes : a case study at MST, Enschede

Oversteeg, V. van (2020) Mobility measures to influence exchangeability of bicycle and car commutes : a case study at MST, Enschede.

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Abstract:In literature, not much knowledge is available about parking problems and persuading specific groups of employees away from car commuting from an employer perspective. Despite the consensus, being policymakers must tailor their policies to be valuable and productive. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims at contributing knowledge to the ffect of employees mobility measures on the exchangeability of car and bike commutes forfic populations in order to be able to implement effective policies to guide our mobility towards a more sustainable one. In order to do so, this study answered the following research question: How can mobility measures in uence the exchangeability of car and bike commutes at the MST, Enschede? At the MST, a hospital in Enschede, parking problems were present for employees. Analysis of parking and bicycle commute data, both temporal and spatial, showed that employees switched their commuting mode from active in the summer towards car commuting in the winter. It also confirmed that parking problems only occurred during active hours for office personnel and healthcare staff on weekdays. To persuade employees towards commuting by bike, MST tested a carrot-and-stick approach through stated choice experiments in cross-sectional a survey. The attributes were: increasing the parking cost and making the parking cost distance-dependent during peak hours (entering the parking garage Monday to Friday 6:00-14:00), increasing bicycle subsidy and decreasing parking cost outside peak hours. Parking problems not being present outside peak hours led to the latter attribute, also to accommodate employees working night shifts. Cross-sectional mixed logit models estimated the stated choice experiments in order to research their different opinions. Among others, car users were more sensitive to an increase of initial parking cost, whereas non-car users were more sensitive to an increase in bicycle subsidy. As expected employees living < from MST were more prone to increased bicycle subsidy, whereas employees >20km away find the increase in initial parking cost most important. Most passenger groups were indeed maximising their utility and chose the package of measures most convenient to them. Analyses of the discrete choice experiments found that increasing parking cost was exper- Mobility measures to in uence exchangeability of bicycle and car commutes iii ienced more negatively by car users, trip chains, live more than 20km away, mode choice variation, and lower-income employees. An increase of distance-dependent parking cost was disliked more by employees living close to MST, employees with the lowest incomes and employees with intrapersonal mode choice variation. Increased bicycle subsidy was preferred more by non-car users and employees living close. Decreasing outside peak parking cost is preferred by employees without set departure times, living far away, single commute mode users and employees with lower incomes. The effects were small, but the introduction of distance-dependent parking cost decreased the number of car commutes. Combined with increasing the bicycle subsidy, a decent acceptance and effect of the packages were achieved. Therefore, it is recommended to implement a distance-dependent parking cost in combination with an increase in bicycle subsidy.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Faculty:ET: Engineering Technology
Programme:Civil Engineering and Management MSc (60026)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/83189
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