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Promoting Cleaner Production and Energy Efficiency in the Industry of Pakistan : A Case Study of Textile Manufacturing Sector

Khan, O.U.R. (2016) Promoting Cleaner Production and Energy Efficiency in the Industry of Pakistan : A Case Study of Textile Manufacturing Sector.

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Abstract:Industrial production has been putting such a strain on natural resources of the earth that it would no longer be able to sustain future generations. The human life has been already living beyond its means as the two-third resources of the earth have already been used up. However, the world would need 45% more energy and 30% more water by 2030 due to the population growth. Also, Pakistan being the sixth most populated and as a developing country must have to address the challenges of resources constraints, energy crisis, and climate change. The industrial sector being the largest energy consumer i.e. 37.6% of the total energy consumption is also linked to the climate change in Pakistan. The background of this research is an inefficient use of energy by the industrial sector particularly the textile sector of Pakistan and its environmental impacts. This research aims to promote cleaner production and energy efficiency in the industrial sector particularly in the textile sector of Pakistan. Cleaner production aims to increase production efficiency as well as minimizing wastes and emissions. However, cleaner production requires resources and energy efficiency vice versa. The concept of cleaner production is very important especially for developing countries where some resources are scarce and the environmental degradation is continuously increasing. This research followed three research strategies: (i) review of relevant policies and initiatives of Pakistan, (ii) review of relevant policies and initiatives of regional countries (China, India, and Bangladesh), and (iii) case study of the textile sector of Pakistan. Pakistan has formulated environmental policy, energy policy, industrial policy, and textiles policy long ago. Pakistan also has established a National Cleaner Production Centre (NCPC), National Energy Conservation Centre (ENERCON), and the Cleaner Production Institute (CPI) that introduced various initiatives to promote cleaner production and energy efficiency. However, the majority of textile factories merely have been following environmental compliance due to the weak enforcement system. In contrast, factories or enterprises in China have already following cleaner production and energy efficiency due to the mandatory Cleaner Production Audits and strict penalties for violation of Cleaner Production Promotion Law. Similarly, India has been progressing in promoting cleaner production and energy efficiency. China and India have formulated various policies and strategies with specific targets to be achieved by applying mix policy instruments. They have strengthened cooperation with international organizations for financing, capacity building, and technology transfer. Bangladesh is also making efforts for promoting cleaner production and energy efficiency in its industrial sector. The case study collected data using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results shows that the major barriers to cleaner production and energy efficiency in the textile sector of Pakistan includes lack of budget, limited access to capital, lack of grants, higher production priority, weak environmental regulations, lack of cleaner production expertise or technical staff, absence of incentives for cleaner production, and low priority to energy management. The recommendations for promoting cleaner production and energy efficiency in the textile sector of Pakistan includes raising awareness, building capacity, strengthening regulatory framework and institutional structure, facilitating finance, establishing collaboration and networking among stakeholders.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Faculty:BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences
Subject:43 environmental science
Programme:Environmental and Energy Management MSc (69319)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/77496
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