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De effecten van positief psychologische interventies op welbevinden en klachten bij mensen met een depressieve stoornis: een systematische review.

Incesu, G. (2018) De effecten van positief psychologische interventies op welbevinden en klachten bij mensen met een depressieve stoornis: een systematische review.

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Abstract:Background: A depressive disorder is one of the most common clinical disorders. Several meta-analyzes showed that the effect sizes of the treatments are at most medium and the differences in effect sizes between the various forms of psychological treatments are small or absent for people with a depressive disorder. This means that there is room for improvement in the treatments and further research to new forms of treatment that may be more effective than the existing treatments is needed. To our knowledge there is little known about the effect of Positive Psychological Interventions (PPI) on a depressive disorder. During a PPI there is not only attention for the remediation or reduction of the psychological symptoms, but a PPI is also focusing on increasing the well-being (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). Well-being can be divided into emotional well-being, psychological well-being and social well-being (Bohlmeijer et al., 2013). This systematic literature review will focus on the effect of PPIs on well-being and the symptoms of depression in people diagnosed with a depressive disorder. The following research question will be answered: ‘What is the effect of PPIs on well-being and symptoms of depression in people with a diagnosed depressive disorder?’ Methods: This systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) statement, in addition to the meta-analysis of Chakhssi et al. (2017). The databases Scopus and PsycINFO are searched for suitable studies. Only Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are included in this systematic literature review, which had well-being and symptoms of depressive disorder as outcome measures. The included studies were assessed for quality, based on seven criteria. Results: The search for literature provided a total of 311 studies. Seven studies were suitable for this current systematic literature review. The qualitiy of the studies varied from low to medium. All studies contain a small sample size with generally female participants of middle age. Four of the interventions were offered individually and three of the interventions in groups. All interventions were offered by a therapist, except for one study. The diagnoses were based on reliable clinical interviews or questionnaires and all PPIs are aimed at inducing positive feelings, behaviors and cognitions. There seems to be no significant differences between the participants of the PPI and the control groups after the treatment in improving the well-being, although PPIs seem to be more effective for the emotional well-being compared to the waiting list groups. The picture varies in reducing the depressive symptoms after the treatment between the participants of the PPI and the control groups. Conclusion: The findings from the current study show that PPIs seems to be equally effective as the existing therapy forms for the well-being and the depressive symptoms for people who are diagnosed with a depressive disorder. In the future, PPIs can have an advantageous contribution to the current treatment options. However, further research is required and should be aimed at the different domains of the well-being with an emphasis on the effects of the form and components of the PPIs. The future of the Positive Psychology seems to be promising. It should expand itself with the aim to improve the quality of life of the people.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Faculty:BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences
Subject:77 psychology
Programme:Psychology MSc (66604)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/74360
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