University of Twente Student Theses

De invloed van demografische, psychologische en organisatorische ontwikkelingen op sport- en organisatiecommitment Een onderzoek naar de sport- en organisatiecommitment van leden van de sportverenigingen van de KNGU, in het licht van maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen.

Wilde, Kirstin (2011) De invloed van demografische, psychologische en organisatorische ontwikkelingen op sport- en organisatiecommitment Een onderzoek naar de sport- en organisatiecommitment van leden van de sportverenigingen van de KNGU, in het licht van maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen.

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Abstract:	In order by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Gymnastiek Unie (KNGU) research is conducted into the significant decline in memberships since 2006. The KNGU is curious about the role that social developments play in this context, and how they can anticipate to such developments in the future. The KNGU is a national sports federation that offers a variety of gymnastics sports. The federation consists of 1.118 sports organizations that together numbered 255.281 members at the end of 2010. In 2008, the KNGU still counted 273.811 members, compared with 255.281 in 2010. The federation suffered a membership reduction of nearly 7% in two years time. The main questions of this study are: "To what extent are sports commitment and organizational commitment explained by the current social developments?" "How can the KNGU anticipate on current social developments, with the impact of sports commitment and organizational commitment in mind?" Through an extensive literature review it has become clear which social developments currently affect sports associations and sports clubs. The main developments are: demographic developments, socio-economic developments and changes in leisure. This research is an addition to current literature, as it not only looks at social developments from demographic and socio-economic perspective but also from a psychological and communicative perspective. This study showed that demographic and socio-economic data play a minor role in predicting sports commitment and organizational commitment. Psychological and communicative aspects play a much bigger role. The Sport Commitment Model and the Model of Organizational Commitment were used to examine how current members of sports clubs were committed to their sport and sports club. Commitment is, according to the Sport Commitment Model, viewed as a function of sport enjoyment, personal investments, involvement opportunities, involvement alternatives and social constraints. Sport Commitment grows as athletes have more fun playing their sport, they invest more in their sport, they have opportunities to grow in their sport, they feel obliged to continue participating in the sport, and as they have no alternatives outside the sport. In the Model of Organizational Commitment affective, normative and continuance commitment are seen as the main elements. It is stated that employees are committed to the organization based on emotion (affective), feelings of obligation (normative) and the prohibitive costs of quitting their job. The questionnaires associated with the Sport Commitment Model and the Model of Organizational Commitment were adapted to the audience. The questionnaires were then online administered to 468 members in the age categories "parents of 6 - 12 year olds" and "50 +". The members were all participating in different sports. The answers given to the questions associated with the Sport Commitment Model show a significant difference between the two groups, on the concept “Social Constraints”. It seems that 50 + players value more on the opinion of others than the 6 - 12 year olds. They probably play sports because of the social aspects (fun with friends) than from a practical point of view. The KNGU should effort their interventions on the concept “Social Constraints”. The answers given to the questions associated with the Model of Organization Commitment show a significant difference between the two groups. The 50 + players are more committed to their sports club than the 6 - 12 year olds. Sport commitment also appears to be an important predictor of organizational commitment. It is expected that with increasing the sport commitment, organizational commitment also increases. Furthermore, age is a significant predictor of organizational commitment and sportcommitment. Any intervention should therefore be geared to different age groups. The answers to the main questions are: In creating interventions to stop the membership reduction, the KNGU should focus not only on demographic and socio-economic data, but also on the psychological and communicative motives of their members. Interventions should focus on the concept of "Social Constraints", for example by creating a sense of belonging within the sports clubs and the team, so that members feel obliged to continue participating in their sports. In addition, the organizational commitment needs to increase. As previously stated, this will probably happen naturally, when the sport commitment is increased.
Item Type:	Essay (Master)
Clients:	Koninklijke Nederlandse Gymnastiek Unie
Faculty:	BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences
Subject:	05 communication studies
Programme:	Communication Studies MSc (60713)
Link to this item:	https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/61320
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